High levodopa use in periodically time‐clustered, Icelandic birth cohorts. A vestige of parkinsonism etiology?
Identifieur interne : 002A13 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 002A12; suivant : 002A14High levodopa use in periodically time‐clustered, Icelandic birth cohorts. A vestige of parkinsonism etiology?
Auteurs : J. De Pedro-Cuesta ; I. J. Petersen ; L. Stawiarz ; G. Gudmundsson ; G. Gudmundsson ; J. Almazán ; H. Tulinius ; H. JohanssonSource :
- Acta Neurologica Scandinavica [ 0001-6314 ] ; 1995-02.
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- KwdEn :
Abstract
We evaluated levodopa use (LDU) by the Icelandic population focusing on: 1) annual gross levodopa (LD) sales from wholesalers to pharmacies for the period 1978–1990, using a reported method; 2) data from a prescription survey conducted from October 1st, 1990 to March 31st, 1991; and 3) raw and reported data on prevalences of Parkinson's disease (PD) in 1963 in this country. The standard for adjustments and reference population for LDU comparisons was the Swedish in 1984. Crude gross sales of LD in Iceland in 1990 and in Sweden in 1984 amounted to 1.67 and 1.35 DDD/1000 person days respectively. After respective adjustments for age, and for age and the infant mortality rates, taken as an indicator of health care quality, LDU in Iceland in 1990 was found to be 1.82 and 1.63 (95% CI 1.47–1.89) times that for Sweden. Prevalences of LD‐prescription recipients in 1990–1991 and of PD in 1963 increased with age: however, those of drug users were higher than those of PD among the elderly. Higher‐than‐expected prevalences of PD and LD‐prescription users (there being a partial overlap between these two categories) were found in periodically‐clustered, one‐year birth cohorts. These results support the notion that Iceland has a high LDU and suggest that this variation is due to a high prevalence of LD responsive disorders. Cohorts born after registered whooping cough outbreaks in Iceland may account for the magnitude and birth‐related pattern of PD prevalences and LDU levels.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1995.tb00412.x
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ISTEX:9AB4816873B83723C60EAA7F2FB3B278BE2875D9Le document en format XML
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Petersen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Pharmaceutical Division, Ministry of Health</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stawiarz, L" sort="Stawiarz, L" uniqKey="Stawiarz L" first="L." last="Stawiarz">L. Stawiarz</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Unit for Neuroepidemiology Division of Neurology, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Sweden</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gudmundsson, G" sort="Gudmundsson, G" uniqKey="Gudmundsson G" first="G." last="Gudmundsson">G. Gudmundsson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, National University Hospital</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gudmundsson, G" sort="Gudmundsson, G" uniqKey="Gudmundsson G" first="G." last="Gudmundsson">G. 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De Pedro-Cuesta</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Unit for Neuroepidemiology Division of Neurology, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Sweden</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Applied Epidemiology, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Petersen, I J" sort="Petersen, I J" uniqKey="Petersen I" first="I. J." last="Petersen">I. J. Petersen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Pharmaceutical Division, Ministry of Health</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stawiarz, L" sort="Stawiarz, L" uniqKey="Stawiarz L" first="L." last="Stawiarz">L. Stawiarz</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Unit for Neuroepidemiology Division of Neurology, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Sweden</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gudmundsson, G" sort="Gudmundsson, G" uniqKey="Gudmundsson G" first="G." last="Gudmundsson">G. Gudmundsson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, National University Hospital</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gudmundsson, G" sort="Gudmundsson, G" uniqKey="Gudmundsson G" first="G." last="Gudmundsson">G. Gudmundsson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, National University Hospital</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Almazan, J" sort="Almazan, J" uniqKey="Almazan J" first="J." last="Almazán">J. Almazán</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Applied Epidemiology, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tulinius, H" sort="Tulinius, H" uniqKey="Tulinius H" first="H." last="Tulinius">H. Tulinius</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Johansson, H" sort="Johansson, H" uniqKey="Johansson H" first="H." last="Johansson">H. 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The standard for adjustments and reference population for LDU comparisons was the Swedish in 1984. Crude gross sales of LD in Iceland in 1990 and in Sweden in 1984 amounted to 1.67 and 1.35 DDD/1000 person days respectively. After respective adjustments for age, and for age and the infant mortality rates, taken as an indicator of health care quality, LDU in Iceland in 1990 was found to be 1.82 and 1.63 (95% CI 1.47–1.89) times that for Sweden. Prevalences of LD‐prescription recipients in 1990–1991 and of PD in 1963 increased with age: however, those of drug users were higher than those of PD among the elderly. Higher‐than‐expected prevalences of PD and LD‐prescription users (there being a partial overlap between these two categories) were found in periodically‐clustered, one‐year birth cohorts. These results support the notion that Iceland has a high LDU and suggest that this variation is due to a high prevalence of LD responsive disorders. Cohorts born after registered whooping cough outbreaks in Iceland may account for the magnitude and birth‐related pattern of PD prevalences and LDU levels.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>J. de Pedro‐Cuesta</name><affiliations><json:string>Unit for Neuroepidemiology Division of Neurology, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Sweden</json:string><json:string>Department of Applied Epidemiology, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>I. J. Petersen</name><affiliations><json:string>Pharmaceutical Division, Ministry of Health</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>L. Stawiarz</name><affiliations><json:string>Unit for Neuroepidemiology Division of Neurology, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Sweden</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>G. Gudmundsson</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, National University Hospital</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>G. Gudmundsson</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, National University Hospital</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>J. Almazán</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Applied Epidemiology, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>H. Tulinius</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>H. Johansson</name><affiliations><json:string>National Corporation of Swedish Pharmacies, Stockholm, Sweden</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>epidemiology</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>etiology</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>drug use</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>levodopa</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Parkinson's disease</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>whooping cough</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>quality assessment</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>pertussis</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>therapy</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>ANE79</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><abstract>We evaluated levodopa use (LDU) by the Icelandic population focusing on: 1) annual gross levodopa (LD) sales from wholesalers to pharmacies for the period 1978–1990, using a reported method; 2) data from a prescription survey conducted from October 1st, 1990 to March 31st, 1991; and 3) raw and reported data on prevalences of Parkinson's disease (PD) in 1963 in this country. The standard for adjustments and reference population for LDU comparisons was the Swedish in 1984. Crude gross sales of LD in Iceland in 1990 and in Sweden in 1984 amounted to 1.67 and 1.35 DDD/1000 person days respectively. After respective adjustments for age, and for age and the infant mortality rates, taken as an indicator of health care quality, LDU in Iceland in 1990 was found to be 1.82 and 1.63 (95% CI 1.47–1.89) times that for Sweden. Prevalences of LD‐prescription recipients in 1990–1991 and of PD in 1963 increased with age: however, those of drug users were higher than those of PD among the elderly. Higher‐than‐expected prevalences of PD and LD‐prescription users (there being a partial overlap between these two categories) were found in periodically‐clustered, one‐year birth cohorts. These results support the notion that Iceland has a high LDU and suggest that this variation is due to a high prevalence of LD responsive disorders. Cohorts born after registered whooping cough outbreaks in Iceland may account for the magnitude and birth‐related pattern of PD prevalences and LDU levels.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>7.591</score><pdfVersion>1.4</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>576 x 828 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>9</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1487</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>4223</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>28324</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>10</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>239</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>High levodopa use in periodically time‐clustered, Icelandic birth cohorts. 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A vestige of parkinsonism etiology?</title><author><persName><forename type="first">J.</forename><surname>de Pedro‐Cuesta</surname></persName><note type="correspondence"><p>Correspondence: Jesús de Pedro‐Cuesta, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro Nacional de Epidemiologia, Departamento de Epidemiologia Aplicada, c/Sinesio Delgado 6, 28029 Madrid, Spain</p></note><affiliation>Unit for Neuroepidemiology Division of Neurology, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Sweden</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Applied Epidemiology, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">I. J.</forename><surname>Petersen</surname></persName><affiliation>Pharmaceutical Division, Ministry of Health</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">L.</forename><surname>Stawiarz</surname></persName><affiliation>Unit for Neuroepidemiology Division of Neurology, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Sweden</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">G.</forename><surname>Gudmundsson</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, National University Hospital</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">G.</forename><surname>Gudmundsson</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, National University Hospital</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">J.</forename><surname>Almazán</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Applied Epidemiology, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">H.</forename><surname>Tulinius</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">H.</forename><surname>Johansson</surname></persName><affiliation>National Corporation of Swedish Pharmacies, Stockholm, Sweden</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Acta Neurologica Scandinavica</title><idno type="pISSN">0001-6314</idno><idno type="eISSN">1600-0404</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1600-0404</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="1995-02"></date><biblScope unit="volume">91</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="79">79</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="88">88</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">9AB4816873B83723C60EAA7F2FB3B278BE2875D9</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1600-0404.1995.tb00412.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">ANE79</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1995</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>We evaluated levodopa use (LDU) by the Icelandic population focusing on: 1) annual gross levodopa (LD) sales from wholesalers to pharmacies for the period 1978–1990, using a reported method; 2) data from a prescription survey conducted from October 1st, 1990 to March 31st, 1991; and 3) raw and reported data on prevalences of Parkinson's disease (PD) in 1963 in this country. The standard for adjustments and reference population for LDU comparisons was the Swedish in 1984. Crude gross sales of LD in Iceland in 1990 and in Sweden in 1984 amounted to 1.67 and 1.35 DDD/1000 person days respectively. After respective adjustments for age, and for age and the infant mortality rates, taken as an indicator of health care quality, LDU in Iceland in 1990 was found to be 1.82 and 1.63 (95% CI 1.47–1.89) times that for Sweden. Prevalences of LD‐prescription recipients in 1990–1991 and of PD in 1963 increased with age: however, those of drug users were higher than those of PD among the elderly. Higher‐than‐expected prevalences of PD and LD‐prescription users (there being a partial overlap between these two categories) were found in periodically‐clustered, one‐year birth cohorts. These results support the notion that Iceland has a high LDU and suggest that this variation is due to a high prevalence of LD responsive disorders. Cohorts born after registered whooping cough outbreaks in Iceland may account for the magnitude and birth‐related pattern of PD prevalences and LDU levels.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>epidemiology</term></item><item><term>etiology</term></item><item><term>drug use</term></item><item><term>levodopa</term></item><item><term>Parkinson's disease</term></item><item><term>whooping cough</term></item><item><term>quality assessment</term></item><item><term>pertussis</term></item><item><term>therapy</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1995-02">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><extension>txt</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/9AB4816873B83723C60EAA7F2FB3B278BE2875D9/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1600-0404</doi><issn type="print">0001-6314</issn><issn type="electronic">1600-0404</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="ANE"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA">Acta Neurologica Scandinavica</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="02002"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/ane.1995.91.issue-2</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="91">91</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="2">2</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="1995-02">February 1995</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="0007900" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1600-0404.1995.tb00412.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="ANE79"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="10"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">Original Articles</title></titleGroup><eventGroup><event type="firstOnline" date="2009-01-29"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2009-01-29"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.3.2 mode:FullText source:HeaderRef result:HeaderRef" date="2010-03-10"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:4.0.1" date="2014-03-15"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-14"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="79">79</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="88">88</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>Jesús de Pedro‐Cuesta, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro Nacional de Epidemiologia, Departamento de Epidemiologia Aplicada, c/Sinesio Delgado 6, 28029 Madrid, Spain</correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:ANE.ANE79.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Accepted for publication June 14, 1994</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="referenceTotal" number="27"></count><count type="linksCrossRef" number="10"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">High levodopa use in periodically time‐clustered, Icelandic birth cohorts. A vestige of parkinsonism etiology?</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1 #a2" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>J.</givenNames><familyNamePrefix>de</familyNamePrefix><familyName>Pedro‐Cuesta</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a3"><personName><givenNames>I. J.</givenNames><familyName>Petersen</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>L.</givenNames><familyName>Stawiarz</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#a4"><personName><givenNames>G.</givenNames><familyName>Gudmundsson</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr5" affiliationRef="#a4"><personName><givenNames>G.</givenNames><familyName>Gudmundsson</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr6" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>J.</givenNames><familyName>Almazán</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr7" affiliationRef="#a5"><personName><givenNames>H.</givenNames><familyName>Tulinius</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr8" affiliationRef="#a6"><personName><givenNames>H.</givenNames><familyName>Johansson</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="SE"><unparsedAffiliation>Unit for Neuroepidemiology Division of Neurology, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Sweden</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2" countryCode="ES"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Applied Epidemiology, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a3"><unparsedAffiliation>Pharmaceutical Division, Ministry of Health</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a4"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Neurology, National University Hospital</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a5" countryCode="IS"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a6" countryCode="SE"><unparsedAffiliation>National Corporation of Swedish Pharmacies, Stockholm, Sweden</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">epidemiology</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">etiology</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">drug use</keyword><keyword xml:id="k4">levodopa</keyword><keyword xml:id="k5">Parkinson's disease</keyword><keyword xml:id="k6">whooping cough</keyword><keyword xml:id="k7">quality assessment</keyword><keyword xml:id="k8">pertussis</keyword><keyword xml:id="k9">therapy</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><p>We evaluated levodopa use (LDU) by the Icelandic population focusing on: 1) annual gross levodopa (LD) sales from wholesalers to pharmacies for the period 1978–1990, using a reported method; 2) data from a prescription survey conducted from October 1st, 1990 to March 31st, 1991; and 3) raw and reported data on prevalences of Parkinson's disease (PD) in 1963 in this country. The standard for adjustments and reference population for LDU comparisons was the Swedish in 1984. Crude gross sales of LD in Iceland in 1990 and in Sweden in 1984 amounted to 1.67 and 1.35 DDD/1000 person days respectively. After respective adjustments for age, and for age and the infant mortality rates, taken as an indicator of health care quality, LDU in Iceland in 1990 was found to be 1.82 and 1.63 (95% CI 1.47–1.89) times that for Sweden. Prevalences of LD‐prescription recipients in 1990–1991 and of PD in 1963 increased with age: however, those of drug users were higher than those of PD among the elderly. Higher‐than‐expected prevalences of PD and LD‐prescription users (there being a partial overlap between these two categories) were found in periodically‐clustered, one‐year birth cohorts. These results support the notion that Iceland has a high LDU and suggest that this variation is due to a high prevalence of LD responsive disorders. Cohorts born after registered whooping cough outbreaks in Iceland may account for the magnitude and birth‐related pattern of PD prevalences and LDU levels.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>High levodopa use in periodically time‐clustered, Icelandic birth cohorts. A vestige of parkinsonism etiology?</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>High levodopa use in periodically time‐clustered, Icelandic birth cohorts. A vestige of parkinsonism etiology?</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.</namePart><namePart type="family">de Pedro‐Cuesta</namePart><affiliation>Unit for Neuroepidemiology Division of Neurology, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Sweden</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Applied Epidemiology, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain</affiliation><description>Correspondence: Jesús de Pedro‐Cuesta, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro Nacional de Epidemiologia, Departamento de Epidemiologia Aplicada, c/Sinesio Delgado 6, 28029 Madrid, Spain</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">I. J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Petersen</namePart><affiliation>Pharmaceutical Division, Ministry of Health</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Stawiarz</namePart><affiliation>Unit for Neuroepidemiology Division of Neurology, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Sweden</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">G.</namePart><namePart type="family">Gudmundsson</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, National University Hospital</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">G.</namePart><namePart type="family">Gudmundsson</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, National University Hospital</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Almazán</namePart><affiliation>Department of Applied Epidemiology, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">H.</namePart><namePart type="family">Tulinius</namePart><affiliation>Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">H.</namePart><namePart type="family">Johansson</namePart><affiliation>National Corporation of Swedish Pharmacies, Stockholm, Sweden</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1995-02</dateIssued><edition>Accepted for publication June 14, 1994</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1995</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="references">27</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">We evaluated levodopa use (LDU) by the Icelandic population focusing on: 1) annual gross levodopa (LD) sales from wholesalers to pharmacies for the period 1978–1990, using a reported method; 2) data from a prescription survey conducted from October 1st, 1990 to March 31st, 1991; and 3) raw and reported data on prevalences of Parkinson's disease (PD) in 1963 in this country. The standard for adjustments and reference population for LDU comparisons was the Swedish in 1984. Crude gross sales of LD in Iceland in 1990 and in Sweden in 1984 amounted to 1.67 and 1.35 DDD/1000 person days respectively. After respective adjustments for age, and for age and the infant mortality rates, taken as an indicator of health care quality, LDU in Iceland in 1990 was found to be 1.82 and 1.63 (95% CI 1.47–1.89) times that for Sweden. Prevalences of LD‐prescription recipients in 1990–1991 and of PD in 1963 increased with age: however, those of drug users were higher than those of PD among the elderly. Higher‐than‐expected prevalences of PD and LD‐prescription users (there being a partial overlap between these two categories) were found in periodically‐clustered, one‐year birth cohorts. These results support the notion that Iceland has a high LDU and suggest that this variation is due to a high prevalence of LD responsive disorders. Cohorts born after registered whooping cough outbreaks in Iceland may account for the magnitude and birth‐related pattern of PD prevalences and LDU levels.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>epidemiology</topic><topic>etiology</topic><topic>drug use</topic><topic>levodopa</topic><topic>Parkinson's disease</topic><topic>whooping cough</topic><topic>quality assessment</topic><topic>pertussis</topic><topic>therapy</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Acta Neurologica Scandinavica</title></titleInfo><genre type="Journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0001-6314</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1600-0404</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1600-0404</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">ANE</identifier><part><date>1995</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>91</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>2</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>79</start><end>88</end><total>10</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">9AB4816873B83723C60EAA7F2FB3B278BE2875D9</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1600-0404.1995.tb00412.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">ANE79</identifier><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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